Role of Heredity and Environment — Practice

Q1. Heredity is the sum total of the traits potentially present in the

• A. fertilised ovum
• B. mother's womb after birth
• C. child's mental environment
• D. school surroundings

Q2. The fertilised egg formed by the union of male and female germ cells is called a zygote. How many chromosomes does this zygote carry?

• A. 23 chromosomes
• B. 40 chromosomes
• C. 46 chromosomes
• D. 100 chromosomes

Q3. Each chromosome contains approximately how many genes responsible for the development of particular traits?

• A. 10 to 20 genes
• B. 40 to 100 genes
• C. 200 to 500 genes
• D. 1000 to 5000 genes

Q4. Which psychologist defines environment as 'everything that affects the individual except his genes'?

• A. Anastasi
• B. Douglas and Holland
• C. Gilbert
• D. Peterson

Q5. Environment consists of various types of forces. Which of the following is NOT listed among them?

• A. Physical and social
• B. Moral and economic
• C. Political and cultural
• D. Genetic and hereditary

Q6. Identical twins develop from

• A. two separate ova fertilised at the same time
• B. one ovum that splits after fertilisation
• C. a single sperm and two different ova
• D. an unfertilised ovum and an ovum

Q7. In David Winfield's twin study, the IQ correlation coefficient (r) between identical twins is reported as

• A. 0.30
• B. 0.50
• C. 0.70
• D. 0.90

Q8. The IQ correlation coefficient between ordinary siblings (not twins) is

• A. 0.31
• B. 0.50
• C. 0.70
• D. 0.90

Q9. Freeman's study found that 71 children moved from a poor environment to a good environment showed an increase in Binet's mental rating of up to

• A. 5 points
• B. 10 points
• C. 19 points
• D. 50 points

Q10. In the James-Reece study, two twins reared respectively in a hill and a village showed an IQ difference of

• A. 9 points
• B. 10 points
• C. 19 points
• D. 29 points

Q11. Ross expresses the action of factors determining an individual's biological, psychological and social development by the formula

• A. H + E + T = DL
• B. H × E × T = DL
• C. H − E = DL
• D. H ÷ E = DL

Q12. Landis and Landis state that 'heredity gives us capacities to be developed but opportunities for the development of these capacities must come from'

• A. other capacities
• B. the environment
• C. more heredity
• D. the individual's age

Q13. The relative importance of heredity and environment is best explained through the analogy

• A. Seeds (heredity) × Soil (environment) = Yield
• B. Seeds + Soil = Yield
• C. Soil − Seeds = Yield
• D. Seeds ÷ Soil = Yield

Q14. Aarti, a class 7 student in Rampur, lags behind in Mathematics. Following the first educational implication of the heredity-environment view, her teacher should first attend to her

• A. physical height and weight
• B. background — previous knowledge, intelligence, family background, aptitude and attitude
• C. twin status (identical or fraternal)
• D. Binet IQ score alone

Q15. The fifth educational implication of the heredity-environment view says that every school must have

• A. an IQ-testing laboratory
• B. a separate heredity register for each student
• C. a guidance and counselling centre
• D. a twin-pair record