Mastery

Landforms and Life — Mastery

30 questions 30 min Full-chapter mastery

Q1. Which statement correctly contrasts how quickly landforms form versus how the landscape changes from region to region?
- A. Landforms form in days; landscape never changes by region
- B. Landforms take millions of years to form; the landscape can change greatly from one region to another
- C. Both landforms and landscapes form overnight
- D. Landforms take millions of years; landscape is identical everywhere
Q2. Which conclusion about people and landforms is supported by the chapter?
- A. Humans have adapted to all landforms, but the number of people on different landforms varies worldwide
- B. An equal number of people live on every landform
- C. Only mountains are inhabited by humans
- D. No one lives in plains
Q3. Most of the world's mountains are grouped in ranges. Which trio names a range with its continent correctly?
- A. Himalayas — Asia; Alps — Europe; Andes — South America
- B. Himalayas — Europe; Alps — Africa; Andes — Asia
- C. Himalayas — South America; Alps — Asia; Andes — Europe
- D. Himalayas — Africa; Alps — South America; Andes — Asia
Q4. What is the height of Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world, as given in the chapter?
- A. 4,500 m
- B. 8,848 m
- C. 340 m
- D. 9,000 m
Q5. Which set of three features together distinguishes a mountain from a plateau and a plain?
- A. Flat top, gentle slope, low height
- B. Below sea level, no slopes, sandy soil
- C. Broad base, steep slopes, narrow summit
- D. Rounded top, low height, gentle slopes
Q6. Which of the following is listed in the chapter as a mountain animal?
- A. The snow leopard
- B. The Ganga river dolphin
- C. The camel
- D. The Bengal tiger of the Sundarbans
Q7. How does melting mountain snow connect mountains to the plains below?
- A. It blocks all rivers from flowing
- B. It has no effect on rivers
- C. It turns plains into deserts
- D. At lower altitudes the melting snow turns to water that feeds rivers flowing to the plains
Q8. What makes Arunima Sinha's climb of Mount Everest in 2013 especially remarkable?
- A. She climbed without any training
- B. She had lost a leg in an accident, yet climbed Everest and the highest peak of every continent
- C. She was the first woman ever to climb Everest
- D. She climbed it before Bachendri Pal
Q9. Heavy rain in the hills causes a sudden local flood that washes away a road. Which hazard, often caused by a cloudburst, is this?
- A. An avalanche
- B. A landslide
- C. A flash flood
- D. Cold weather
Q10. Why are most plateaus less favourable for farming than plains?
- A. Because plateaus are below sea level
- B. Because plateaus are always snow-capped
- C. Because plateaus have no minerals
- D. Because many plateaus have rocky soil, which is less fertile than plains' soil
Q11. The East African Plateau is famous for the mining of which materials?
- A. Iron and coal
- B. Gold and diamonds
- C. Manganese and limestone
- D. Salt and gypsum
Q12. Why is mining a major activity on many plateaus across the world?
- A. Because plateaus have the most fertile soil
- B. Because plateaus have the longest rivers
- C. Because plateaus are flat lowlands near the sea
- D. Because plateaus are rich in mineral deposits, and many of the world's largest mines are found there
Q13. What does 'sea level' mean, as defined in the chapter?
- A. The average level of the surface of the oceans, also called 'mean sea level'
- B. The deepest point of the ocean floor
- C. The height of the tallest mountain
- D. The depth of a river
Q14. Trace the correct sequence by which floodplains become fertile.
- A. Rivers freeze → ice spreads → soil hardens
- B. Volcanoes erupt → lava cools → plains form
- C. Wind blows sand → dunes form → crops grow on dunes
- D. Rivers collect sediments in mountains → carry them to plains → deposit them, enriching the soil
Q15. The fact that about 40 crore people live in the Ganga plain best illustrates which idea?
- A. Mountains are the most densely populated landform
- B. Deserts are home to most Indians
- C. Fertile plains support a very large share of the population
- D. Plateaus have the highest population in India
Q16. Which option lists only FOOD crops grown in the Ganga plain?
- A. Cotton, jute and hemp
- B. Hemp, barley and cotton
- C. Jute, rice and cotton
- D. Rice, wheat, maize, barley and millets
Q17. The five tinais of ancient Tamil Sangam poetry are best described as
- A. Five kinds of rivers in India
- B. Five landscapes associated with certain deities, lifestyles and moods
- C. Five types of mountains in the Himalayas
- D. Five seasons of the year
Q18. What does 'resilience' mean, as the chapter uses the term for human life on different landforms?
- A. Refusing to live anywhere difficult
- B. The capacity to meet challenges and difficulties, adapt to them or overcome them
- C. Building only on plains
- D. Avoiding all natural hazards
Q19. Besides the three main landforms, which additional landform does the chapter say experts often define?
- A. The valley
- B. The hill
- C. The desert
- D. The waterfall
Q20. On a mountain trek you pass tall, cone-shaped trees with thin, pointed leaves, then higher up only grasses and lichen. The trees you passed are typical of
- A. Mangrove forest
- B. Floodplain crops
- C. Desert vegetation
- D. Montane forest with conifers
Q21. The Tibetan Plateau is described as the largest and highest plateau and stretches nearly 2,500 km from east to west — compared in the chapter to the distance between which two places?
- A. Chandigarh and Kanyakumari
- B. Delhi and Mumbai
- C. Kolkata and Chennai
- D. Srinagar and Bengaluru
Q22. How do hills differ from mountains, according to the chapter?
- A. Hills are taller with sharper peaks
- B. Hills are flat lowlands below sea level
- C. Hills are always permanently snow-capped
- D. Hills have a lower height, less steep slopes and rounded tops
Q23. Terrace farming is practised on mountain slopes mainly to
- A. Create deep valleys for rivers
- B. Make level steps so crops can be grown on otherwise steep, rugged slopes
- C. Mine minerals from the rock
- D. Build tourist resorts
Q24. Mont Blanc, in Western Europe, is the highest mountain of which range?
- A. The Alps
- B. The Andes
- C. The Himalayas
- D. The Aravalli Range
Q25. Why do many communities in India hold festivals and rituals at a river's source or confluence?
- A. Because such places have the largest mines
- B. Because confluences are the highest mountains
- C. Because rivers and such locations have long carried immense cultural value and are considered sacred
- D. Because these places have no water
Q26. How does the chapter describe deserts as a landform?
- A. Large, wet regions with heavy rainfall
- B. High mountain ranges covered in snow
- C. Flat fertile plains near rivers
- D. Large, dry expanses with very little precipitation and unique flora and fauna
Q27. Travelling from Chhota Nagpur to Prayagraj and then to Almora, a student encounters three major landforms in which likely order?
- A. Plain, plateau, mountain
- B. Plateau, plain, mountain
- C. Mountain, plain, plateau
- D. Desert, plain, plateau
Q28. Why are waterfalls like the Nohkalikai Falls commonly found on plateaus?
- A. Because plateaus are flat lowlands near the sea
- B. Because plateaus have no rivers
- C. Because plateaus are always covered in snow
- D. Because a plateau's raised, steep-sided surface lets rivers drop sharply from a height
Q29. Which reasons does the chapter give for why tourists and pilgrims are drawn to the mountains?
- A. Cheap farmland and easy roads
- B. Large mineral mines and factories
- C. Crisp mountain air, scenic beauty, sports, and centuries-old pilgrimage to holy sites
- D. Flat land ideal for big cities
Q30. Which feature best distinguishes a plateau from both a mountain and a plain?
- A. It has a narrow snow-capped summit like a mountain
- B. It is always less than 100 metres high
- C. It lies below sea level like a deep valley
- D. It rises from surrounding land yet has a more or less flat top, often with steep sides

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