Oceans and Continents — Hard

Q1. Assertion (A): Continents can be counted as four, five, six or seven. Reason (R): The way landmasses like Eurasia and Africa-Eurasia are grouped changes the count. Choose the correct option.

• A. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
• B. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
• C. A is true, R is false
• D. A is false, R is true

Q2. Arrange the five oceans from LARGEST to SMALLEST as given in the chapter.

• A. Pacific > Atlantic > Indian > Southern > Arctic
• B. Atlantic > Pacific > Indian > Arctic > Southern
• C. Pacific > Indian > Atlantic > Arctic > Southern
• D. Indian > Pacific > Atlantic > Southern > Arctic

Q3. Consider: (i) North and South America may be seen as one landmass. (ii) Europe and Asia form a single landmass. Which statement(s) are supported by the chapter?

• A. Only (i)
• B. Both (i) and (ii)
• C. Only (ii)
• D. Neither (i) nor (ii)

Q4. If the Northern Hemisphere has more land than the Southern, which hemisphere is expected to hold MORE water?

• A. Northern Hemisphere
• B. Both hold equal water
• C. Southern Hemisphere
• D. Cannot be decided

Q5. Assertion (A): Without oceans the Earth would become a desert. Reason (R): Oceans send rain to the continents as part of the Earth's water cycle. Choose the correct option.

• A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
• B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
• C. A is true, R is false
• D. A is false, R is true

Q6. A student says oceans are the 'planet's lungs'. Which two-step reasoning best justifies this in the chapter?

• A. Oceans' flora produces more than half the world's oxygen, so they sustain breathable air
• B. Oceans store freshwater, so they purify air
• C. Oceans are blue, so they reflect sunlight
• D. Oceans cause cyclones, so they cool the air

Q7. If almost three-fourths of the Earth's surface is water, the land covers approximately

• A. Exactly one-half of the globe
• B. A little over one-fourth of the globe
• C. Almost three-fourths of the globe
• D. Less than one-tenth of the globe

Q8. Why is Greenland called the world's largest island while Australia, which is bigger, is not an island?

• A. Greenland is colder than Australia
• B. Greenland is surrounded by freshwater
• C. Australia is large enough to be counted as a continent, not an island
• D. Australia is joined to Asia by land

Q9. Which statement about oceans and disasters is INCORRECT according to the chapter?

• A. Oceans give rise to storms such as cyclones with extreme rainfall or strong winds
• B. A tsunami can travel thousands of kilometres and submerge coastal areas
• C. Cyclones and tsunamis have exactly the same cause
• D. Tsunamis can cause widespread damage to coastal regions

Q10. From early times, people have used oceans and seas for all of the following EXCEPT

• A. Migrating to other regions
• B. Trading in goods and conducting military campaigns
• C. Growing wheat and rice on the open sea
• D. Fishing as a source of food

Q11. Assertion (A): The marine environment is under threat. Reason (R): Humans dump millions of tonnes of plastic into oceans and overfishing occurs. Choose the correct option.

• A. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
• B. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
• C. A is true, R is false
• D. A is false, R is true

Q12. When Europe and Asia are re-coloured as one continent 'Eurasia', how does its size compare with South America's?

• A. Eurasia disappears from the diagram
• B. Eurasia becomes much smaller than South America
• C. They become exactly equal
• D. Eurasia becomes much larger than South America

Q13. Which statement correctly distinguishes a 'landmass' from a 'continent' as used in the chapter?

• A. A landmass is always smaller than an island
• B. A landmass is any large body of land; a continent is a large continuous expanse of land
• C. A continent must be surrounded entirely by freshwater
• D. A landmass and a continent mean exactly the same thing

Q14. India has more than 1,300 small islands. Which conclusion is best supported by the chapter?

• A. All Indian islands lie in the Arctic Ocean
• B. India's islands are larger than Greenland
• C. India has no inhabited islands
• D. India's islands include the Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep groups

Q15. Events leading to loss of life and property are handled under 'disaster management'. Which Indian body deals with all kinds of such disasters?

• A. Indian Antarctic Programme
• B. National Disaster Management Authority
• C. Indian Navy
• D. Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System