The Value of Work — Hard

Q1. Which statement best captures why all economic activities in the chapter share a common feature?

• A. They are all done by family members at home.
• B. They all have value in terms of money or money's worth.
• C. They are all forms of selfless service.
• D. They all require heavy machines.

Q2. A doctor charges patients for consultations and a factory worker is paid every month by the company. The doctor's and worker's payments are respectively

• A. salary and fee
• B. fee and salary
• C. wage and fee
• D. fee and payment in kind

Q3. Which set of feelings does the chapter give as the motivation behind non-economic activities?

• A. fear, anger and greed
• B. gratitude, love, care and respect
• C. competition and ambition
• D. profit and savings

Q4. From buying wood to selling the finished chair, Rajesh's chain of activities is classified as economic mainly because each step

• A. is done for free out of love
• B. involves payment and adds value
• C. is a form of community participation
• D. happens inside a gurudwara

Q5. Anu's mother helps run the family shop and also joins a voluntary group teaching knitting to women in the community. These two roles show that one person can engage in

• A. only economic activities
• B. both economic and non-economic activities
• C. only non-economic activities
• D. no productive activities

Q6. Which feature distinguishes a salary from a wage, based on the chapter's definitions?

• A. A salary is non-cash; a wage is cash.
• B. A salary is a fixed regular payment usually monthly; a wage is for a specific period of time.
• C. A salary is for professional advice; a wage is for goods sold.
• D. A salary is paid by customers; a wage by the government.

Q7. A farmer sells produce, a business person sells school bags, and people buy them with money at one place. According to the chapter, that place is a

• A. gurudwara
• B. market
• C. factory
• D. post office

Q8. The chapter says sevā is seen in many places of worship. Which feature makes sevā a non-economic activity?

• A. It is offered only to paying members.
• B. It is selfless service done without earning income.
• C. It always involves selling prasad.
• D. It is performed only by employees on salary.

Q9. Van Mahotsav brings community members together for tree plantation drives. This best illustrates the chapter's idea of

• A. value addition in a factory
• B. the strength of community participation
• C. payment in kind for labour
• D. a market exchange for money

Q10. Kavya's aunt earns a monthly salary at the post office and a weekly fee from online classes. What does this show about a single person's economic activities?

• A. A person can have only one type of payment.
• B. A person may earn through more than one form of payment, such as a salary and a fee.
• C. Online classes are non-economic activities.
• D. Post office work is payment in kind.

Q11. Workers employed in a car manufacturing factory are paid for their work. Why does the chapter treat this as an economic activity?

• A. because cars are made of iron
• B. because the work is done in exchange for money
• C. because it happens in a village
• D. because it is a form of sevā

Q12. A mother helping her children with schoolwork at home is non-economic, but a tutor charging a fee for the same help is economic. The deciding factor is

• A. the subject being taught
• B. whether the activity is done for money or money's worth
• C. the time of day
• D. the age of the children

Q13. If wood costs Rs 600 and Rajesh sells two chairs at Rs 1,000 each made from that wood plus negligible extras, the total value he adds is closest to

• A. Rs 400
• B. Rs 1,400
• C. Rs 2,000
• D. Rs 600

Q14. Kabir's grandfather, retired from the Border Security Force, now spends time running errands and gardening at home. His past BSF service and present home tasks were respectively

• A. non-economic and economic
• B. economic and non-economic
• C. both economic
• D. both non-economic

Q15. A student argues that non-economic activities are worthless because they earn no money. Using the chapter, the best reply is

• A. Agreed; only money-making work has value.
• B. Though they may not involve money, the value they generate is important in our lives.
• C. They are valuable only if they later earn money.
• D. They are illegal and should be avoided.