Socialization and Growing Up in Diverse Contexts

About this chapter

Socialization and Growing Up in Diverse Contexts defines socialization as the lifelong process of interaction through which a child imbibes the beliefs, values, attitudes and habits of the social group, and it lists five features — instilling basic discipline, controlling behaviour, unanimity among agents, formal vs non-formal modes, and continuity through life. It then lays out five types — primary, secondary, developmental, anticipatory and resocialization — and shows how cultural socialization shapes greetings, food habits and dress in Sikh, Hindu and Muslim Indian families. The chapter walks through growing up in traditional and non-traditional family structures, in low-income and affluent homes, and under adverse situations such as poverty, war zones, orphanages, migrant work and disability. It closes with growing up as a girl in cities, rural areas, tribal communities and slums, and the teacher's role as an agent of socio-cultural change using culturally relevant pedagogy, reciprocal teaching and cooperative learning. CTET Paper 1 CDP tests this through definitional recall items on the five features and five types, classroom-application items on Baumrind's four parenting styles, and case-based items drawn from Rohit, Sonia, Ammar, Nahida and Savitri. The four tests — Practice 15, Quiz 15, Hard 15, Mastery 30 — cover all six topic clusters at CTET depth and difficulty.