Planning Teaching-Learning

About this chapter

Planning Teaching-Learning treats planning as a vital, cyclic component of teaching: the upper-primary teacher decides learning outcomes, designs activities for ages 11-14, paces the period and plans evaluation before entering the classroom. The chapter lays out five considerations for instructional planning — school environment, physical environment, psychological environment, the diverse learner, and content. It then unpacks three nested plans the Class 6-8 teacher must prepare — Annual Plan (whole-year units and time allocation), Unit Plan (a unit's sub-topics, objectives and methods over several days) and Lesson Plan (one period's outcomes, methods, materials, evaluation). It explains the eight-step Behaviourist lesson plan (Objective, Anticipatory Set, Input, Modelling, Guided Practice, Checking for Understanding, Independent Practice, Closure) and its criticisms. It then covers alternative planning — Novak's concept mapping as a pedagogical tool and Piaget-rooted Constructivist 5-E lesson planning (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate). CTET Paper II tests this chapter through questions on the 5-E phases, behaviourist steps, annual-vs-unit-vs-lesson distinctions, formats, criteria of a good plan and inclusive planning for adolescent learners. The four tests — Practice 15, Quiz 15, Hard 15, Mastery 30 — cover these six clusters at CTET depth.