Mastery

Life Processes in Plants — Mastery

30 questions 30 min Full-chapter mastery

Q1. In Activity 10.1, students are asked to observe and record changes in the plants over two weeks. Which set of features does Table 10.1 record?
- A. Number of fruits, weight of the pot, soil moisture
- B. Length of the root, smell of the soil, hardness of stem
- C. Height of plant, number of leaves, colour of leaves
- D. Volume of water, mass of seed, type of pot
Q2. In Activity 10.1, why are the saplings planted in pots A, B and C of SIMILAR sizes and not of widely different sizes?
- A. To ensure that the comparison shows the effect of sunlight and water and not the effect of initial plant size
- B. Because only similar-sized saplings grow at all
- C. Because differently-sized saplings cannot be planted in earthen pots
- D. Because the experiment lasts only two weeks
Q3. Which of the following best describes the role of chlorophyll in a leaf?
- A. It absorbs water from the soil
- B. It helps in capturing sunlight efficiently for photosynthesis
- C. It carries food from leaves to other parts
- D. It exchanges gases through stomata
Q4. In Activity 10.4, the plant is first kept in the dark for two to three days before the experiment begins. The main purpose of this step is to ensure that
- A. The leaves grow larger before testing
- B. The plant absorbs more water through the roots
- C. The roots reach the bottom of the bottle
- D. Any stored starch in the leaves is used up so a fresh result is observed
Q5. In Activity 10.4, the part of the leaf OUTSIDE the bottle turns blue-black with iodine while the part INSIDE does not. The half outside the bottle had access to
- A. Sunlight, water, chlorophyll and carbon dioxide from the open air
- B. Sunlight and water but no chlorophyll
- C. Caustic soda and water only
- D. No sunlight and no carbon dioxide
Q6. The Caution box in Activity 10.4 states that caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) should be handled only by the teacher because it
- A. Smells bad
- B. Releases a gas in the bottle
- C. Is a strong chemical that can burn the skin
- D. Becomes hot when added to water
Q7. In Activity 10.4, the SAME leaf (still attached to the plant) is divided so that HALF goes inside the bottle and HALF stays outside, through a split cork. The main reason for using the SAME leaf is to
- A. Save time and resources
- B. Make the experiment look nicer
- C. Prove that chlorophyll is not needed
- D. Keep all factors except CO2 the same between the two halves
Q8. A leaf is called the
- A. Only site of respiration in a plant
- B. Primary site for photosynthesis
- C. Storage organ for water in a plant
- D. Pumping organ for carrying water upward
Q9. Consider the following items: I. Carbon dioxide. II. Glucose. III. Oxygen. Which of these are PRODUCTS of photosynthesis as given in the chapter's word equation?
- A. I and II only
- B. I and III only
- C. II and III only
- D. All three
Q10. According to the chapter, glucose produced during photosynthesis is described as a
- A. Simple carbohydrate that serves as an instant source of energy
- B. Complex protein that builds plant tissues
- C. Type of fat that stores long-term energy
- D. Mineral salt absorbed by roots
Q11. According to the 'Know a Scientist' box, the Indian plant scientist who studied the process of photosynthesis was
- A. Kamala Sohonie
- B. C. V. Raman
- C. Rustom Hormusji Dastur
- D. J. C. Bose
Q12. Rustom Hormusji Dastur served from 1921 to 1935 as the head of the Botany Department at
- A. Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi
- B. The Royal Institute of Science, Bombay (now the Institute of Science, Mumbai)
- C. Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
- D. Bose Institute, Calcutta
Q13. In Activity 10.6, the correct order of steps after peeling a thin layer from the lower surface of a leaf is
- A. Place peel in a watch glass with water — transfer to a slide with a drop of water using forceps — add a drop of ink — cover with a coverslip — observe under a microscope
- B. Place peel directly on a slide — add iodine — cover with a coverslip — observe
- C. Place peel in alcohol — boil for five minutes — observe
- D. Place peel in lime water — observe colour change
Q14. In Activity 10.6, the chapter suggests collecting the leaf from any of the following plants EXCEPT
- A. Money plant
- B. Hibiscus
- C. Wheat seedling
- D. Coleus
Q15. In Activity 10.5, Barkha didi places her thumb on the mouth of the inverted test tube before lifting it out of the set-up. Why?
- A. To check if the tube is hot
- B. To clean any water from the tube
- C. To add more water into the tube
- D. To prevent the collected gas from escaping while the tube is removed
Q16. In Fig. 10.4 of Activity 10.5, the apparatus to collect oxygen from a water plant in sunlight consists of which set of components?
- A. Water plant, funnel, beaker with water, inverted test tube
- B. Water plant, conical flask, lime water, cork
- C. Water plant, microscope, slide, coverslip
- D. Water plant, alcohol, test tube, sprit lamp
Q17. Why does the chapter recommend plants with WHITE-coloured flowers (such as white sadabahar or balsam) for the xylem-transport activity in 10.7?
- A. White flowers are stronger than coloured ones
- B. The red colour appearing in the white flower clearly shows that red water has reached the flowers through xylem
- C. Only white flowers have xylem
- D. White flowers do not need water
Q18. The chapter compares the upward movement of dissolved minerals in plants to the upward movement of red ink in Activity 10.7. The point of this comparison is to show that
- A. Minerals are the same chemical as red ink
- B. Minerals can be seen with a magnifying glass
- C. Only red-coloured plants have minerals
- D. Just like red ink dissolved in water moves up through xylem, minerals dissolved in water also move up through xylem
Q19. A student says: 'Plants take water and minerals through their roots and through their leaves equally.' Which part of this claim is supported by the chapter?
- A. Only the part about roots taking up water and minerals from the soil
- B. Only the part about leaves taking up water and minerals from air
- C. Both parts are supported
- D. Neither part is supported
Q20. Which of the following best contrasts xylem and phloem as described in the chapter?
- A. Xylem carries food; phloem carries water
- B. Xylem carries water and minerals from roots upward; phloem carries food from leaves to all parts of the plant
- C. Xylem and phloem both carry only water in one direction
- D. Xylem is found only in roots; phloem is found only in leaves
Q21. A teacher asks: 'Where does the food synthesised in the leaves go?' The most complete answer, based on the chapter, is
- A. Only to the flowers, where it is stored
- B. It is used up entirely in the leaves themselves
- C. It is transported through phloem to all parts of the plant; some is stored in parts such as seeds and roots
- D. It is washed away through xylem to the soil
Q22. In Activity 10.8, before being placed in the conical flask on wet cotton, the moong seeds are first
- A. Dried in sunlight for 24 hours
- B. Boiled in water for five minutes
- C. Crushed into a powder
- D. Soaked in water overnight
Q23. Why is respiration necessary for a plant, even though plants also make their own food through photosynthesis?
- A. Because respiration releases energy from glucose, which the plant uses for growth and development
- B. Because respiration takes in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis
- C. Because respiration produces chlorophyll
- D. Because respiration produces water for the leaves to drink
Q24. Which of the following statements about respiration in plants is INCORRECT, based on the chapter?
- A. Glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen
- B. Glucose is built up from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen
- C. Carbon dioxide and water are released
- D. Energy is released and used by the plant
Q25. Match the process with its PRODUCTS as given in the chapter: I. Photosynthesis — Glucose + Oxygen. II. Respiration — Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy. III. Respiration — Glucose + Oxygen. Which of the matchings are correct?
- A. I and III only
- B. II and III only
- C. I and II only
- D. All three
Q26. Question 2 of 'Let Us Enhance Our Learning' asks: 'Imagine all organisms that carry out photosynthesis on Earth have disappeared. What would be the impact on living organisms?' Which response best captures the chapter's reasoning?
- A. Living things would breathe more easily because oxygen levels would rise
- B. Plants would still get food from the soil
- C. Only animals that eat plants would be affected; others would survive
- D. The supply of oxygen and food would collapse, and most living organisms would die because all food chains begin with photosynthesisers
Q27. According to the 'Know a Scientist' box Kamala Sohonie (1911-1998) was an Indian woman scientist who received a Ph.D. from Cambridge University for her work on
- A. Respiration in plants
- B. Photosynthesis in algae
- C. Discovery of chlorophyll
- D. Construction of microscopes
Q28. The chapter notes that Kamala Sohonie also worked on the sap of the coconut palm, which is used as a nutritive drink called
- A. Tadi
- B. Lassi
- C. Neera
- D. Toddy juice
Q29. A Class 7 student says: 'The iodine test turns a leaf blue-black because of chlorophyll.' Which teacher response is BEST aligned with the chapter?
- A. Praise the answer; the iodine test does detect chlorophyll.
- B. Gently correct: iodine turns blue-black in the presence of STARCH; chlorophyll is the green pigment that helps make starch in sunlight. The two are different.
- C. Ignore the answer and move on to the next topic.
- D. Tell the student that iodine destroys chlorophyll and shows its absence.
Q30. The 'Exploratory Project' on bottle gardens (Fig. 10.13) asks why a sealed bottle garden can sustain a plant. Which explanation BEST evaluates the science behind it?
- A. The plant does not need any gas exchange once sealed.
- B. The bottle stores enough water and minerals to feed the plant for years.
- C. Sunlight enters but no gas leaves, so the plant grows faster than outside.
- D. Carbon dioxide produced by the plant's respiration is used in photosynthesis, and oxygen produced in photosynthesis is used in respiration, so gas exchange continues within the sealed bottle.

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