Locating Places on the Earth

About this chapter

This Class 6 Geography chapter teaches how we find and describe locations on the Earth. It begins with maps — their three components: distance, direction and symbols — and the role of scale, an atlas, and the Survey of India's symbols. Students learn the four cardinal directions and the intermediate ones, then move to the globe as a better model of the spherical Earth. Using everyday coordinate ideas (a market shop, chessboard squares), the chapter introduces latitudes (parallels measured from the Equator, 0° to 90°N/S) and longitudes (meridians measured from the Prime or Greenwich Meridian, 0° to 180°E/W). Together they form a grid that fixes any place. The chapter links longitude to time: the Earth turns 15° per hour, giving local time, standard time (IST is GMT+5.5), time zones, and the International Date Line near 180°. It notes India's ancient Ujjayini prime meridian. CTET tests definitions, the Equator/poles, coordinates of cities, GMT–IST, and direction reasoning. The four tests cover: Practice — single-fact recall; Quiz — concept application; Hard — PYQ-style statement and two-step items; Mastery — a full-chapter mixed test with no overlap.