From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types of Governments — Mastery

Q1. The chapter calls the question 'Who gets to decide that this is the government?' the MOST basic difference across many types of government because it identifies

• A. The length of elections in different countries
• B. The dress code of members of parliament
• C. The salary paid to ministers in each country
• D. The source of authority and power of a government

Q2. Which of the following is listed as one of the roles of the government in our lives?

• A. Taking care of national defence
• B. Running private businesses for profit
• C. Selecting the religion of citizens
• D. Choosing the food eaten in every home

Q3. 'freedom' as a fundamental principle of democracy means that citizens have the right to

• A. Choose the language used in courts of every state
• B. Refuse to pay any tax
• C. Make their own choices and express their opinions
• D. Hold any government post they want

Q4. In a parliamentary democracy, people elect the legislature but NOT the executive directly. Which of the following BEST describes how the executive is formed?

• A. The chief justice of the supreme court appoints the executive
• B. The executive is chosen by direct vote of every citizen separately from the legislature
• C. The president of the country single-handedly appoints all ministers without involving the legislature
• D. Selected members of the legislature become ministers, forming the executive

Q5. Ravi makes a list of theocracies named in the chapter. Which list is fully correct?

• A. Iran, Vatican City, Afghanistan
• B. Iran, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom
• C. Switzerland, Iran, India
• D. USA, Vatican City, South Korea

Q6. A Class 7 teacher wants to introduce 'types of government' for the first time. Which classroom activity is MOST aligned with the approach used by the chapter itself?

• A. Make students memorise the dates of democracy establishment from Table on
• B. Show a long lecture on the Constitution of India before introducing any example
• C. Begin with the school Student Committee story and ask students to choose between the three methods of forming the committee
• D. Ask students to copy the entire definition of 'theocracy' five times

Q7. Consider the following statements about the role of an independent judiciary in a democracy, based and 206: I. It ensures that every citizen's fundamental rights are protected. II. It ensures that laws are followed by citizens and also by all parts of the government. III. Erosion of the independence of the judiciary is listed as a challenge faced by democracies. Which statements are correct?

• A. I and II only
• B. II and III only
• C. I and III only
• D. All three

Q8. The president in a presidential democracy is

• A. Selected by the council of ministers only
• B. Chosen by the head of the army
• C. Appointed by a religious head
• D. Elected by the people and does not need the legislature's confidence for his/her position

Q9. 'delivering essential goods and services' as a role of the government. The examples given in brackets are

• A. Education, healthcare, and infrastructure
• B. Cinema, sports, and tourism
• C. Religion, festivals, and ceremonies
• D. Banking, insurance, and stock markets

Q10. A teacher evaluates four learning objectives for the chapter 'From the Rulers to the Ruled' in Class 7. Which objective BEST captures the chapter's intent given the closing line — 'It is therefore vital for citizens to remain vigilant and engaged in political processes'?

• A. Students should be able to list all kings of medieval India by name
• B. Students should memorise the number of MPs in each country's parliament
• C. Students should develop civic awareness about democracy's principles and the importance of vigilant citizenship
• D. Students should be able to recite the Preamble of the Indian Constitution from memory

Q11. Aarti reads that Idi Amin was a military dictator. The country he ruled and one effect of his rule on people of Indian origin were

• A. Germany; Indians were given citizenship rights
• B. Nepal; Indians became part of the parliament
• C. South Korea; Indians were appointed to the army
• D. Uganda; many Indians whose ancestors had migrated to Uganda were forced to flee the country

Q12. The Class 7 chapter opens by saying 'In Grade 6, we learned what government is and explored some of its roles' . Which teaching strategy BEST uses this link for a Hindi-medium Class 7 classroom?

• A. Begin with a quick recall of Class 6 functions of government before introducing new ideas like 'types of government'
• B. Skip the Class 6 ideas, as students may have forgotten them
• C. Begin directly with the year 1787 from Table on
• D. Start with the meaning of the word 'oligarchy' from Greek roots

Q13. Consider how the Government of India links to two ideas in the chapter: I. The Government of India is designed to work towards equality and prosperity for all. II. The fundamental rights of citizens — including right to equality and right against exploitation — are protected in a democracy. Which statement BEST captures the link between (I) and (II)?

• A. They contradict each other; goals are different from rights
• B. (II) applies only to dictators, not to India
• C. Both express the same idea — that India's democratic goals and its fundamental rights together aim at equality and protection of every citizen
• D. (I) applies only to constitutional monarchies

Q14. Assertion (A): Switzerland is given as an example where some kinds of direct democracy are followed. Reason (R): In Switzerland, women got the right to vote only in 1971, much later than India's universal adult franchise from 1950.

• A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
• B. Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
• C. A is true, R is false.
• D. A is false, R is true.

Q15. While teaching 'types of government', a teacher tells students that 'the United Kingdom is an absolute monarchy because it has a king'. A Class 7 student who has read carefully should diagnose this statement as

• A. Correct, because any country with a king is an absolute monarchy
• B. Incorrect, because the UK is a constitutional monarchy where real power lies with the elected parliament and prime minister, while the king has only nominal power
• C. Correct, because Saudi Arabia and the UK are both absolute monarchies
• D. Incorrect, because the UK is a theocracy

Q16. Which of the following is listed as a role of the government in our daily lives?

• A. Maintaining law and order in the country
• B. Owning all farmland of the country
• C. Selecting religious leaders for citizens
• D. Writing the family budget of every household

Q17. The government plays a role in 'managing the economy and relations with other countries'. This role of the government is BEST illustrated by which everyday example?

• A. A judge deciding a property dispute between neighbours
• B. The Reserve Bank framing rules on money and the Ministry of External Affairs negotiating a trade agreement with another country
• C. A school principal organising a parent-teacher meeting
• D. A village panchayat fixing the rent of a house

Q18. Ravi reads that in a representative democracy, elections must happen at regular intervals. Why does the chapter say this is essential?

• A. So that the same party always returns to power
• B. So that citizens can hold the government accountable and choose their representatives again
• C. So that the size of parliament can be reduced each time
• D. So that the head of state can be appointed by the army

Q19. According to the table in which year was democracy established in the United States of America?

• A. 1776
• B. 1787
• C. 1848
• D. 1947

Q20. In the 'Try this' activity students are asked to match countries with their form of government. Which pairing is correct according to widely-known facts the activity expects students to use?

• A. Bhutan — Absolute Monarchy; Nepal — Theocracy
• B. Bhutan — Constitutional Monarchy; Nepal — Republic / Democracy
• C. Brazil — Theocracy; South Africa — Dictatorship
• D. Bangladesh — Monarchy; Brazil — Theocracy

Q21. In the school Student Committee story , three methods of forming a committee are tried. Why does the chapter conclude that the third method — voting — is the democratic one?

• A. Because it requires the fewest students to be involved
• B. Because authority comes from the students themselves, who choose their representatives by voting
• C. Because the Head Teacher selects the members
• D. Because only senior students get to participate

Q22. Consider the following statements based about the goals a government may pursue: I. Some governments are designed to work towards equality and prosperity for all. II. Some other governments may be designed only for the prosperity of some families or groups. III. The chapter says that the goal of a government NEVER affects ordinary citizens' lives. Which statements are correct?

• A. I and II only
• B. II and III only
• C. I and III only
• D. All three

Q23. Match List I (Government practice) with List II (Form of government), based on Table 9.2 and the chapter overall: I. Universal Adult Franchise present — (P) Democracy II. Ruled by religious leaders — (Q) Theocracy III. One person with absolute power and no constitutional limits — (R) Dictatorship IV. Rule by a small powerful group — (S) Oligarchy

• A. I–P, II–Q, III–R, IV–S
• B. I–Q, II–P, III–S, IV–R
• C. I–S, II–R, III–P, IV–Q
• D. I–R, II–S, III–Q, IV–P

Q24. Consider the following pair of facts from the 'Don't Miss Out' box I. The USA established democracy in 1787. II. Effective Universal Adult Suffrage in the USA was achieved only by 1965. Which one of the following is the BEST inference a Class 7 student can draw?

• A. From 1787 itself, every adult in the USA could vote equally
• B. Establishing a democracy and granting effective universal adult suffrage to all groups can be separated by a long period of time
• C. 1787 and 1965 refer to the same event
• D. The USA was a dictatorship between 1787 and 1965

Q25. Priya makes a comparison chart from. In India general elections happen every five years, while in the United States of America they occur every

• A. Two years
• B. Three years
• C. Four years
• D. Six years

Q26. Aarti's grandfather, a retired voter, asks her: 'Why does the textbook say citizens must remain vigilant even after India became a democracy?' Based which response BEST justifies the chapter's view?

• A. Because once a democracy is established, no further work is needed
• B. Because democracies still face challenges like corruption, wealth disparity and erosion of judicial independence, and vigilant citizens are the main safeguard
• C. Because the army takes over the government every five years
• D. Because the Constitution stops working after seventy-five years

Q27. Match List I (Government function from ) with List II (Indian institution that performs it): I. Legislative function — (P) Parliament — Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha II. Executive function — (Q) Prime Minister and Council of Ministers III. Judicial function — (R) Supreme Court and the lower courts

• A. I–P, II–Q, III–R
• B. I–Q, II–P, III–R
• C. I–R, II–P, III–Q
• D. I–P, II–R, III–Q

Q28. A Class 7 teacher gives the following cause-effect statement to her students: 'Because India holds general elections every five years, the council of ministers must keep the confidence of the Lok Sabha, and this makes the executive accountable to the people who elected them ( glossary).' Which option BEST describes this chain?

• A. It is a wrong claim — elections, confidence and accountability are unrelated
• B. It is a correct cause-effect chain that explains how representative democracy delivers accountability
• C. It applies only to a theocracy, not a democracy
• D. It applies only to a dictatorship, not a democracy

Q29. A Class 7 SST teacher plans a unit on 'From the Rulers to the Ruled'. Four sequences of teaching steps are proposed. Which sequence is MOST consistent with the order of ideas in the chapter itself?

• A. Start with dictatorship and Idi Amin → then democracy → then school-committee story → close with the four key differences
• B. Start with the school Student Committee story (functions of government) → introduce the four key differences → introduce democracy and its principles → then early republics and other forms → close with vigilant citizenship
• C. Start with the Kauṭilya quote and rajadharma → then jump to monarchy → then dictatorship → end with the school-committee story
• D. Start with the Indian Constitution → then theocracy → then student committee → then democracy

Q30. Based on the glossary which option BEST describes the difference between a 'sovereign' and a 'monarch' as used in the chapter?

• A. Sovereign means a religious leader; monarch means an elected president
• B. Sovereign is a supreme ruler (often hereditary), while a monarch is a hereditary head of state — in a constitutional monarchy the monarch holds only nominal power
• C. Sovereign and monarch both mean an elected prime minister
• D. Sovereign refers only to women rulers; monarch refers only to men