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Q1. On the timeline in Fig. 2.2, the year in which Timur attacked Delhi is marked as
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Q2. After Timur withdrew from India in 1398, leaving chaos behind, which dynasty 'emerged and established the last dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate'?
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Q3. The Musunuri Nayakas expelled Muhammad bin Tughlaq's army from Warangal. Warangal lies in which present-day Indian state?
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Q4. Babur is described as a Turkic-Mongol ruler and military strategist who had been thrown out of
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Q5. Babur left behind a candid autobiography of great historical value. Its title is
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Q6. Ravi reads that after Babur's death in 1530, his son Humayun struggled to hold the empire together. Who then took advantage of this situation to establish the Sur Empire?
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Q7. The caption to Fig. 2.13 explains why the finely sculpted columns of the Vitthala temple's mahāmandapa are called 'musical pillars'. The reason given is
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Q8. The Bahmani Sultanate eventually fragmented into five Deccan Sultanates, each ruled by former governors or tarafdars who declared autonomy. The Hindi/Persian word tarafdar in this context most nearly means
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Q9. A Class 8 teacher wants students to grasp how India's political map was 'reshaped' between the 14th and 17th centuries. Which classroom activity uses the chapter's own 'Let's Explore' suggestion MOST directly?
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Q10. The 'Think About It' asks: 'Why do we use the term "image" rather than common terms like "idol" or "icon"?' The reason the chapter gives is
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Q11. Akbar was declared emperor at what age, upon his father Humayun's accidental death?
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Q12. Names the court historian and biographer who recorded Akbar as saying, 'Formerly I persecuted men into conformity with my faith and deemed it Islam. As I grew in knowledge, I was overwhelmed with shame.' He was
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Q13. A teacher is introducing the chapter to Class 8 students who have not yet read it. Based on the chapter's own advice — 'you will find it helpful to keep revisiting the timelines' — the BEST first activity is to
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Q14. A student writes in his answer: 'The Mughul Empire was founded by Babur, but the Khaljis came before the Tughlaqs.' Based on the 'Spellings, spellings...' box the teacher should
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Q15. Consider the following timeline entries on Fig. 2.2 :
I. 1326 — Re-establishment of the Mewar Kingdom
II. 1336 — Establishment of the Vijayanagara Empire
III. 1347 — Establishment of the Bahmani Sultanate
Which of the following statements is correct?
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Q16. On the timeline in Fig. 2.2 , the year 1347 marks the
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Q17. A Class 8 student is plotting events from Fig. 2.2 on a wall chart. She has marked 1498 as the year of the Portuguese arrival in India. Which of the following events on the same timeline lies CLOSEST in time to 1498?
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Q18. Fig. 2.2 closes its timeline with '1799 — Establishment of the Sikh Empire'. This is the latest of the six reference points the chapter sets out. What does the inclusion of 1799 tell a Class 8 student about the chapter's framing of the 'medieval period'?
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Q19. The Hoysalas as a powerful resistance kingdom of the medieval period. Which present-day Indian state did the Hoysalas rule, as the chapter states?
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Q20. Places Narasimhadeva I, the Eastern Ganga king, in the 'mid-13th century'. He defeated a Delhi Sultanate governor of Bengal. Which Sultanate dynasty would therefore have been ruling Delhi at that time, according to the chapter's chronology?
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Q21. A famous fort built by Rana Kumbha of Mewar in the 15th century, with a 36-km wall winding through the Aravalli hills. The name of this fort is
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Q22. The Bahmani Sultanate arose in the mid-14th century in the Deccan and 'eventually fragmented into five Deccan Sultanates.' Which TWO of the following on the chapter's timeline best capture the political reshaping of the Deccan in the 14th century?
I. 1336 — Establishment of the Vijayanagara Empire
II. 1347 — Establishment of the Bahmani Sultanate
III. 1398 — Timur attacks Delhi
IV. 1526 — First Battle of Panipat
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Q23. 'rana' is a title used by Rajput kings of Mewar — Rana Kumbha, Rana Sanga and later Maharana Pratap all bear it. A Class 8 student then notes th also use other 'pati' titles for medieval rulers — narapati, gajapati, ashwapati, chhatrapati. The BEST inference about Indian royal titles she can draw is
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Q24. The Vijayanagara capital Hampi, with its 'massive ruins still visible today'. In which present-day Indian state does Hampi lie, is described as the chapter explicitly notes?
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Q25. Traces what happened to the Vijayanagara Empire after the disaster of Talikota in 1565. The chapter notes that, though weakened, the empire formally lasted until the mid-17th century. In its place, who 'continued to rule parts of southern India as independent kingdoms'?
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Q26. Records that during Akbar's siege of the Chittor fort, the Rajput women performed 'jauhar' once the fall became inevitable. Based on the chapter's explanation, jauhar is BEST understood as
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Q27. A teacher tells the class: 'Akbar abolished the jizya tax in 1564 — this was, in spirit, an early step toward the constitutional principle that the state should not tax citizens differently on the basis of religion.' Based (sulh-i-kul, abolition of jizya, marriage alliances), which judgement of this statement is MOST defensible?
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Q28. The term 'infidel' (kafir) is used at several places — for example, when discussing iconoclasm and jizya. While the term is used in its medieval historical sense, students are expected to read it carefully. The BEST way to interpret 'infidel', based on the note on history's darker chapters and the discussion prompt, is
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Q29. A teacher of Class 8 has set aside one period to teach 'Reshaping India's Political Map' using only the chapter's political maps. She begins with Fig. 2.3 (early 14th century India). According to good map-based pedagogy as suggested by the chapter the BEST sequence of activities is
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Q30. Classical Indian terms — murti, vigraha, pratima, rupa — alongside its discussion of why English 'image' is preferred over 'idol' or 'icon'. A student writes: 'Indian classical terms like murti and pratima are themselves neutral words in the Indian context, while "idol" was a label brought in from outside that carries a pejorative charge in some religions. Therefore in an Indian classroom, using murti / pratima is no problem; it is the English "idol" that needs care.' Based on the chapter's framing of these terms, the MOST defensible judgement of this student's view is
